E nā makamaka welder, ʻo nā hana wili uila āu e hana nei e pili ana paha i nā pōʻino uwahi metala, nā pōʻino kinoea ʻino, a me nā pōʻino pāhawewe māmā arc i kāu hana. Pono wau e haʻi iā ʻoe i nā kumu pilikia a me nā hana pale!
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1. Nā pōʻino o ka hana o ka wili uila
(1) Nā pōʻino o ka uahi metala:
'Oko'a ka haku mele 'ana o ka welding fume ma muli o ke 'ano o ke ko'oko'o welding i ho'ohana 'ia. I ka wā wili, hoʻokuʻu ka arc i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 4000 a 6000 ° C. ʻOiai ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke koʻokoʻo welding a me ka weldment, hana ʻia ka nui o ka uahi, ka mea nui i haku ʻia i ka hao hao, manganese oxide, silica, silicate, etc. i loko o ka māmā.
Hiki i ka inhalation lō'ihi ke ho'opō'ino i loko o ke akemāmā, i kapa 'ia 'o ka welder's pneumoconiosis, a ua hele pinepine 'ia me nā pilikia e like me ka make 'ana o ka manganese, ka fluorosis a me ka fever metala.
Loaʻa ka poʻe maʻi me nā hōʻailona hanu e like me ka paʻa o ka umauma, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ka pōkole o ka hanu, a me ka ʻū, i hele pū ʻia me ke poʻo, nāwaliwali ākea a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe. Ua pōʻino ka hana qi māmā i kekahi ʻano.
(2) Nā pōʻino o nā kinoea ʻino:
Ma lalo o ka hana o ke kiʻekiʻe wela a me nā kukui ultraviolet ikaika i hana ʻia e ka welding arc, e hana ʻia ka nui o nā kinoea ʻino, e like me ka nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, ozone, etc., e hana ʻia a puni ka ʻāpana arc.
Ke hui pū ka nui o ka hemoglobin me ka carbon monoxide, nalowale ka oxygen i ka manawa e hui pū me ka hemoglobin, e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hiki o ke kino ke lawe a hoʻohana i ka oxygen, e make ai ke kino o ke kanaka ma muli o ka nele o ka oxygen.
(3) ʻO nā pōʻino o ka pāhawewe arc:
ʻO ke kukui arc i hana ʻia e ka welding ka nui o nā kukuna infrared, nā kukui ʻike a me nā kukui ultraviolet. Ma waena o lākou, hoʻopōʻino nā kukui ultraviolet i ke kino o ke kanaka ma o nā hopena photochemical. Hoʻopilikia ia i nā maka a me ka ʻili i ʻike ʻia, e hoʻoulu ai i ka keratoconjunctivitis (photoophthalmia) a me ka ʻili biliary erythema.
ʻO nā hōʻailona nui ka ʻeha o ka maka, ka haehae ʻana, ka ʻulaʻula o ka lihilihi a me ka spasm. Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i nā kukuna ultraviolet, ʻike ʻia ka ʻili erythema edematous me nā palena maopopo. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā blisters, exudate a me ka edema, a me kahi ʻike wela.
2. Nā hopena pōʻino o ka wili uila
1. ʻO ka poʻe i hana i ka wili uila no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka maʻi pneumoconiosis.
2. Hiki ke hanu ʻia nā kinoea ʻino i ka wā o ka hana, hoʻoweliweli i ke olakino kanaka a me ke ola.
3. Hiki ke hana ma'alahi nā hana ku'i uila i keratoconjunctivitis (electrophotophthalmia) a me ka ʻili biliary erythema.
3. Hoʻomalu
(1) E hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻenehana welding a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā kaʻina hana a me nā mea hana
Ma ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻenehana welding, hiki iā mākou ke hōʻemi i ka pōʻino i ke kino o ke kanaka i hana ʻia e nā hana welding. No ka mea ʻo ka hapa nui o nā pōʻino i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka welding e pili ana i ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka electrode coating, ke koho ʻana i nā electrodes welding non-toxic a haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kekahi o nā hana kūpono e hōʻemi i nā pōʻino welding.
(2) Hoʻomaikaʻi i nā kūlana ea ma kahi hana
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ventila kūlohelohe a me ka ventila mechanical. Ke hilinaʻi nei ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mīkini i ke kaomi i hana ʻia e nā mea pā e hoʻololi i ka ea. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i ka lepo a me nā hopena detoxification. No laila, pono e hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā e wili ai i loko a i ʻole i pani ʻia me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka ventila kūlohelohe. ʻO nā ana hoʻoheheʻe mīkini.
(3) E hoʻoikaika i nā hana palekana pilikino
ʻO ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka pale pilikino hiki ke pale i ka pōʻino o nā kinoea ʻona a me ka lepo i hana ʻia i ka wā wili. Pono nā mea hana e hoʻohana i nā aniani pale kūpono, nā pale maka, nā maka, nā mīkina lima, nā lole pale keʻokeʻo, a me nā kāmaʻa insulated. ʻAʻole pono lākou e komo i nā lole lima pōkole a i ʻole nā lima lima i ʻōwili ʻia. Inā hana lākou i loko o kahi pahu pani me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka ea, pono lākou e komo i nā lole pale. Ka mahiole pale me ka hana lako ea.
(4) E hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻolaha hoʻolaha a me ka hana hoʻonaʻauao
Pono e aʻo ʻia nā limahana welding e pili ana i ka palekana o ka hana a me ka ʻike olakino e hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou ʻike i ka pale ʻana iā lākou iho a hōʻemi i nā pōʻino o ka hana. I ka manawa like, pono mākou e hoʻoikaika i ka nānā ʻana i nā pōʻino o ka lepo i nā wahi hana welding a me ka nānā kino o nā welders e ʻike a hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia i ka manawa kūpono.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-19-2023
