Hoʻomākaukau ʻo Nitrogen Series (II) i ka Nitrogen

Nā Mea Hana Hana Nitrogen - China Nitrogen Production Factory & Suppliers (xinfatools.com)

ʻO ka Nitrogen ka mea nui o ka ea, e pili ana i ka 78% o ka ea. He kinoea kala ʻole a ʻala ʻole ka nitrogen N2 ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau. ʻO ka nui kinoea ma lalo o ke kūlana maʻamau he 1.25 g/L. ʻO ka helu hoʻoheheʻe he -210 ℃ a ʻo ka helu hoʻolapalapa he -196 ℃. He mea hoʻoheheʻe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (-196 ℃).

I kēia lā e hoʻolauna mākou i kekahi mau ala nui no ka hana ʻana i ka nitrogen ma ka home a ma waho.

ʻEkolu mau ʻano hana hoʻomohala ʻenehana nui: cryogenic air separation nitrogen production, pressure swing adsorption nitrogen production, a me membrane separation nitrogen production.

ʻO ka mua: Cryogenic ea hoʻokaʻawale nitrogen hana hana

Cryogenic air separation nitrogen production is a traditional nitrogen production method with a history of almost mau ʻumi makahiki. Hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka ea ma ke ʻano he mea maka, hoʻopaʻa a hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā ia, a laila hoʻohana i ka hoʻololi wela e hoʻoheheʻe i ka ea i loko o ka ea wai. ʻO ka ea wai ka nui o ka hui ʻana o ka oxygen wai a me ka nitrogen wai. Hoʻohana ʻia nā wahi paila like ʻole o ka oxygen wai a me ka nitrogen wai e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou ma o ka distillation o ka ea wai e loaʻa ai ka nitrogen.

Pōmaikaʻi: hana kinoea nui a me ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka nitrogen huahana. Hiki i ka Cryogenic nitrogen production ke hana ʻaʻole wale i ka nitrogen akā ʻo ka nitrogen wai hoʻi, ka mea e hoʻokō i nā koi o ke kaʻina hana o ka nitrogen wai a hiki ke mālama ʻia i loko o nā pahu mālama wai nitrogen. Ke loaʻa kahi haʻahaʻa naikokene intermittent a i ʻole kahi hoʻoponopono liʻiliʻi o nā mea hoʻokaʻawale ea, ʻo ka wai i loko o ka pahu waihona e komo i ka vaporizer a ua wela, a laila hoʻouna ʻia i ka pipeline huahana e hoʻokō i ka noi nitrogen o ka ʻāpana kaʻina. ʻO ka pōʻaiapuni hana o ka hana ʻana i ka nitrogen cryogenic (e pili ana i ka wā ma waena o ʻelua mau hoʻomehana nui) ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 makahiki, no laila ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ka hana ʻana o ka nitrogen cryogenic ma ke ʻano he standby.

Nā pōʻino: Hiki i ka hana Cryogenic nitrogen ke hana i ka nitrogen me ka maʻemaʻe o ≧99.999%, akā ʻo ka maʻemaʻe o ka nitrogen i kaupalena ʻia e ka ukana nitrogen, ka helu o nā pā, ka pono tray a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe oxygen i ka ea wai, a he liʻiliʻi loa ka laulā hoʻoponopono. No laila, no kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā lako hana hana cryogenic nitrogen, ʻike maoli ka maʻemaʻe o ka huahana a hiki ʻole ke hoʻoponopono. Ma muli o ka hana ʻana o ke ʻano cryogenic i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa, pono e loaʻa i nā mea hana kahi kaʻina hoʻomaka hoʻomaha ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka hana maʻamau. ʻO ka manawa hoʻomaka, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka manawa mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mea hoʻonui a hiki i ka manawa e hiki ai ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe nitrogen i ke koi, ʻaʻole ma lalo o 12 mau hola; ma mua o ke komo ʻana o nā mea hana i ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana, pono e loaʻa kahi manawa hoʻomehana a me ka manawa thawing, maʻamau 24 mau hola. No laila, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻomaka a hoʻōki pinepine ʻia nā mea hana hana cryogenic nitrogen, a pono e hana mau no ka manawa lōʻihi.

Eia kekahi, he paʻakikī ke kaʻina hana cryogenic, noho i kahi wahi nui, he kiʻekiʻe nā kumukūʻai hoʻolālā, koi i nā pūʻali mālama kūikawā, nui nā mea hoʻohana, a hoʻohua mālie i ke kinoea (18 a 24 mau hola). He kūpono ia no ka hana nui ʻana i ka ʻoihana nitrogen.

ʻElua: Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) Nitrogen Production Method

ʻO Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) ʻenehana hoʻokaʻawale kinoea he lālā koʻikoʻi o ka ʻenehana hoʻokaʻawale kinoea non-cryogenic. ʻO ia ka hopena o nā hoʻoikaika lōʻihi o ka poʻe e ʻimi i kahi ala hoʻokaʻawale ea maʻalahi ma mua o ke ʻano cryogenic.

I ka makahiki 1970, ua hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia e ka West German Essen Mining Company i nā kānana molekala kalapona, e hoʻopaʻa ana i ke ala no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka PSA air separation nitrogen production. I loko o nā makahiki he 30 i hala iho nei, ua ulu wikiwiki kēia ʻenehana. Ua lilo ia i mea hoʻokūkū ikaika o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka ea cryogenic ma ke kahua o ka hana ʻana o ka liʻiliʻi a me ka nui o ka nitrogen.

Hoʻohana ʻo Pressure swing adsorption nitrogen production i ka ea ma ke ʻano he mea maka a me ke kānana molekala kalapona ma ke ʻano adsorbent. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā ʻano o ka carbon molecular sieve adsorption koho o ka oxygen a me ka naikokene i ka lewa, a hoʻohana i ke kumu o ke kaomi kowali adsorption (pressure adsorption, kaomi hoʻemi desorption a me ka molecular sieve regeneration) e hoʻokaʻawale i ka oxygen a me ka nitrogen i ka lumi wela e hana ai i ka nitrogen.

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka cryogenic air separation nitrogen production, pressure swing adsorption nitrogen production he mau pōmaikaʻi nui: lawe ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale adsorption ma ka lumi wela, maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana, paʻa nā mea hana, liʻiliʻi ka wāwae, maʻalahi ka hoʻomaka a hoʻōki, ʻo ia. hoʻomaka wikiwiki, wikiwiki ka hana kinoea (ma kahi o 30 mau minuke), liʻiliʻi ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu, haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai hana, kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka automation, kūpono ka hana a me ka mālama ʻana, maʻalahi ka hoʻonohonoho skid, ʻaʻohe kumu kūikawā. koi ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ka huahana i loko o kahi ākea, a ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka nitrogen he ≤3000Nm3 / h. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka adsorption nitrogen no ka hana intermittent.

Eia nō naʻe, i kēia manawa, hiki i nā hoa ʻāina a me nā haole ke hana wale i ka nitrogen me ka maʻemaʻe o 99.9% (ʻo ia hoʻi, O2≤0.1%) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana hana hana nitrogen PSA. Hiki i kekahi mau hui ke hana i ka 99.99% naikokene maʻemaʻe (O2≤0.01%). Hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻenehana hana PSA nitrogen, akā kiʻekiʻe loa ke kumukūʻai hana a ʻaʻole paha e ʻae nā mea hoʻohana. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana hana PSA nitrogen e hana i ka nitrogen maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe e pono e hoʻohui i kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe post-stage.

Ke ala hoʻomaʻemaʻe nitrogen

(1) Hydrogenation deoxygenation ala.

Ma lalo o ka hana a ka mea hoʻoheheʻe, hana ke koena oxygen i loko o ka nitrogen me ka hydrogen i hoʻohui ʻia e hana i ka wai, a ʻo ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike: 2H2 + O2 = 2H2O. A laila, hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka wai e kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe compressor hoʻokiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a loaʻa ka naikokene kiʻekiʻe-maʻemaʻe me nā mea nui ma hope o ka maloʻo: N2≥99.999%, O2≤5×10-6, H2≤1500× 10-6, H2O≤10.7×10-6. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o ka hana nitrogen ma kahi o 0.5 yuan/m3.

(2) Hydrogenation a me ka deoxygenation ala.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano i ʻekolu mau ʻanuʻu: ʻo ka hana mua ka hydrogenation a me ka deoxygenation, ʻo ka lua ka dehydrogenation, a ʻo ke kolu o ka pae ʻo ka wehe ʻana i ka wai. Loaʻa ka naikokene maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe me ka haku mele: N2 ≥ 99.999%, O2 ≤ 5 × 10-6, H2 ≤ 5 × 10-6, H2O ≤ 10.7 × 10-6. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o ka hana nitrogen ma kahi o 0.6 yuan/m3.

(3) ʻO ke ʻano deoxygenation kalapona.

Ma lalo o ka hana a ke kalapona-kākoʻo catalyst (ma kekahi mahana), ke koena o ka oxygen i loko o ka maʻamau naikokene pane me ke kalapona i hāʻawi ʻia e ka catalyst ponoʻī e hoʻohua i ka CO2. Ke kumu hoʻohālikelike: C + O2 = CO2. Ma hope o ke kaʻina hope o ka wehe ʻana i ka CO2 a me H2O, loaʻa ka nitrogen maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe me kēia ʻano: N2 ≥ 99.999%, O2 ≤ 5 × 10-6, CO2 ≤ 5 × 10-6, H2O ≤ 10.7 × 10-6. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o ka hana nitrogen ma kahi o 0.6 yuan/m3.

ʻO ke kolu: ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka membrane a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka ea i ka hana ʻana o ka nitrogen

ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka membrane a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka ea he lālā hou ia o ka ʻenehana hana ʻenehana non-cryogenic nitrogen. He ʻano hana hana nitrogen hou i hoʻomohala wikiwiki i nā ʻāina ʻē i ka makahiki 1980. Ua hoʻolaha ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia ma Kina i nā makahiki i hala iho nei.

Hoʻohana ka hana hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka membrane i ka ea ma ke ʻano he mea maka. Ma lalo o kekahi kaomi, hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā helu permeation like ʻole o ka oxygen a me ka nitrogen i loko o ka membrane hollow fiber e hoʻokaʻawale i ka oxygen a me ka nitrogen e hana ai i ka nitrogen. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano hana hana nitrogen ʻelua i luna, aia nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻōnaehana mea maʻalahi, ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻohe kīwaha hoʻololi, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hana a me ka mālama ʻana, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hana kinoea (i loko o 3 mau minuke), a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hiki ke hoʻonui.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hollow fiber membranes i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ka ea compressed. Hiki i nā membrane ke ʻelemakule a me ka hemahema, a paʻakikī ke hoʻoponopono. Pono e hoʻololi i nā membrane hou.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka membrane no nā mea hoʻohana liʻiliʻi a me nā mea hoʻohana me nā koi hoʻomaʻemaʻe nitrogen o ≤98%, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana-kumu kūʻai i kēia manawa; ke koi ʻia ka maʻemaʻe o ka nitrogen ma mua o 98%, aia ma kahi o 30% ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kaomi swing adsorption nitrogen production device o ka kikoʻī like. No laila, i ka wā e hana ʻia ai ka nitrogen maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe e ka hui ʻana i ka hana hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka membrane a me nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe nitrogen, ʻo ka maʻemaʻe o ka nitrogen maʻamau maʻamau he 98%, e hoʻonui ai i ke kumukūʻai hana a me ke kumukūʻai hana o ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe.