ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pahi he kūlana koʻikoʻi i ka mōʻaukala o ka holomua kanaka. Mai ka 28 a hiki i ka 20 mau kenekulia BC, ua ʻike ʻia nā cones keleawe a me nā cones keleawe, nā drills, nā pahi a me nā pahi keleawe ʻē aʻe ma Kina. I ka hopena o Warring States (ke kenekulia ʻekolu BC), ua hana ʻia nā pahi keleawe ma muli o ke akamai o ka ʻenehana carburizing. ʻO nā wili a me nā ʻeli i kēlā manawa he mau mea like me nā wili palahalaha a me nā ʻeli.
ʻO ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o nā pahi i hele mai me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mīkini e like me nā ʻenekini mahu i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 18.
I ka makahiki 1783, ua hana mua ʻo René o Farani i nā mea ʻoki wili. I ka makahiki 1923, ua hana ka Schrotter o Kelemania i ka carbide sima. Ke hoʻohana ʻia ka carbide cemented, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ʻelua o ke kila kiʻekiʻe, a hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili a me ka nui o ka mea hana i hana ʻia e ka ʻoki ʻana.
Ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ke kila kiʻekiʻe a me ka carbide cemented, i ka makahiki 1938, ua loaʻa iā German Degusa Company kahi patent ma nā pahi seramika. I ka makahiki 1972, ua hana ʻo General Electric Company o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka polycrystalline synthetic diamond a me ka polycrystalline cubic boron nitride blades. ʻO kēia mau mea paahana non-metallic e ʻae i ka mea hana e ʻoki i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe.
I ka makahiki 1969, ua loaʻa i ka Swedish Sandvik Steel Works kahi patent no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻokomo carbide-coated titanium ma o ka waiho ʻana o ka mahu. I ka makahiki 1972, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Bangsha lāua ʻo Lagolan ma ʻAmelika i kahi ʻano hoʻoheheʻe kino kino e uhi i kahi papa paʻa o ka titanium carbide a i ʻole titanium nitride ma ka ʻili o ka carbide cemented a i ʻole nā mea hana kila kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohui ke ʻano o ka uhi ʻana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī o ka mea kumu me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ka pale ʻana o ka ʻili o ka ʻili, i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka mea composite.
Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela, ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, a me nā ʻāpana e hana ana i ka media corrosive fluid, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mīkini i hoʻohana ʻia, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pae automation o ka ʻoki ʻana a me nā koi no ka hoʻoponopono pololei. . Ke koho ʻana i ke kihi o ka hāmeʻa, pono e noʻonoʻo i ka mana o nā ʻano like ʻole, e like me ka mea hana mea hana, nā mea hana mea hana, nā waiwai hana (ʻoʻoleʻa, hoʻopau), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a pono e koho pono ʻia e like me ke kūlana kikoʻī.
Mea paahana maʻamau: kila kiʻekiʻe-wikiwiki, cemented carbide (me ka cermet), ceramics, CBN (cubic boron nitride), PCD (polycrystalline daimana), no ka mea, ua oi aku ko lakou paakiki mamua o ka hookahi, no laila, ma ka olelo maʻamau, o ka oki wikiwiki hoʻi. ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o kekahi.
Ke kālailai hana mea paahana
Ke kila māmā holo kiʻekiʻe:
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawaleʻia i ke kila kiʻekiʻe maʻamau a me ke kila kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ke kila kiʻekiʻe maʻamau, e like me W18Cr4V, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā pahi paʻakikī. ʻAʻole kiʻekiʻe ka wikiwiki o kona ʻoki ʻana, a ʻo 40-60m / min ke ʻoki ʻana i nā mea kila maʻamau.
Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke kila kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, e like me W12Cr4V4Mo, ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i kekahi mau mea kalapona, ʻike vanadium, cobalt, aluminika a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ke kila kiʻekiʻe maʻamau. ʻO kona lōʻihi he 1.5-3 mau manawa o ke kila kiʻekiʻe maʻamau.
Carbide:
Wahi a GB2075-87 (e pili ana i ka maʻamau 190), hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: P, M, a me K. P-type cemented carbide i hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā metala ferrous me nā ʻāpana lōʻihi, a hoʻohana ʻia ka polū. he hoailona; Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka M-type no ka hana ʻana i nā metala ferrous. A me nā metala non-ferrous, i hōʻailona ʻia me ka melemele, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he ʻano paʻa paʻakikī, hoʻohana nui ʻia ke ʻano K no ka hana ʻana i nā metala ferrous, nā metala non-ferrous a me nā mea non-metallic me nā pōkole pōkole, i kahakaha ʻia me ka ʻulaʻula.
Hōʻike nā huahelu ʻArabia ma hope o P, M, a me K i kāna hana a me ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka ukana a i ʻole nā kūlana hana. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ka helu, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakikī a ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka paʻakikī.
keramika:
Loaʻa i nā mea keramika ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi a hiki ke hana i nā mea paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe i paʻakikī a hiki ʻole ke hana me nā mea hana maʻamau. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā mea hana ʻoki ceramic ke hoʻopau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana o ka hana annealing, a no laila hiki ke hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī o ka mea hana a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o ka mīkini.
He liʻiliʻi ka friction ma waena o ka lau ceramic a me ka metala i ka wā e ʻoki ai, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka ʻoki ʻana i ka ʻili, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hana ʻana i ka lihi kūkulu ʻia, a hiki iā ia ke hana i ka ʻoki wikiwiki. No laila, ma lalo o nā kūlana like, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻili o ka mea hana. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka mea hana he mau manawa a i ʻole he mau haneli mau manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā mea hana kuʻuna, e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o nā hoʻololi o ka mea hana i ka wā e hana ai; pale wela kiʻekiʻe, ʻulaʻula maikaʻi. Hiki iā ia ke ʻoki mau ma 1200°C. No laila, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka wikiwiki o ka ʻoki ʻana o nā mea hoʻokomo seramika ma mua o ka carbide cemented. Hiki iā ia ke hana i ka ʻoki kiʻekiʻe a ʻike paha i ka "hoʻololi ʻana i ka wili me ka huli ʻana a me ka wili ʻana". ʻO kaʻokiʻokiʻana he 3-10 mau manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā mea hana maʻamau, e loaʻa ana ka hopena o ka mālamaʻana i nā hola kanaka, ka uila, a me ka helu o nā mīkini mīkini e 30-70% aʻoi aʻe paha.
CBN:
ʻO kēia ka lua o ka mea paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe loa i ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa. ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka pepa CBN composite maʻamau ka HV3000 ~ 5000, nona ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe o ka wela, a he kiʻekiʻe ke kūpaʻa oxidation. Hiki mai ka oxidation, a ʻaʻohe hopena kemika me nā mea hao ma 1200-1300 ° C. Loaʻa iā ia ka conductivity thermal maikaʻi a me ke koena friction haʻahaʻa.
Polycrystalline daimana PCD:
Loaʻa i nā pahi daimana nā hiʻohiʻona o ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ka ikaika compressive kiʻekiʻe, ka conductivity thermal maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu, a hiki ke loaʻa ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻoili ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i ka pono i ka ʻoki wikiwiki. No ka mea ʻo ke ʻano o ka PCD he kino sintered daimana maikaʻi me nā ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kona paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana ma mua o nā daimana aniani hoʻokahi me ka hoʻohui ʻana o kahi mea hoʻopili. ʻO ka pilina ma waena o nā metala non-ferrous a me nā mea non-metallic he liʻiliʻi loa, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi nā chips e hoʻopili i ka piko o ka mea hana e hana i ka ʻaoʻao i kūkulu ʻia i ka wā o ka hana ʻana.
ʻO nā māhele o ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea:
Ke kila kiʻekiʻe: hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā manawa e koi ai i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe e like me ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana a me nā ʻano paʻakikī;
ʻO ka carbide i hoʻopaʻa ʻia: ka laulā ākea o nā noi, hiki ke hiki;
Ceramics: Hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka mīkini paʻakikī a me ka mīkini wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻāpana paʻakikī e hoʻohuli a hoʻolei i nā ʻāpana hao;
CBN: Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻāpana paʻakikī e hoʻohuli a me ka wikiwiki wikiwiki o nā ʻāpana hao (ma ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā ceramics ma ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i ke kapa, ka paʻakikī o ka hopena a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka haki);
PCD: Hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka ʻoki kiʻekiʻe o nā metala non-ferrous a me nā mea non-metallic.
Loaʻa i nā mea hana Xinfa CNC ka maikaʻi maikaʻi a me ka paʻa ikaika, no nā kikoʻī, e ʻoluʻolu e nānā: https://www.xinfatools.com/cnc-tools/
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jun-02-2023
